அன்பு நண்பர்களே,வணக்கம்.
இந்தப்பதிவில் இந்தியா நாட்டில் புழக்கதில் உள்ள பேப்பர் அளவுகள் பற்றி உங்களது கவனத்திற்காகப் பதிவிடுகிறேன். அறிந்து கொள்ளுங்கள்.மற்றவர்களுக்கும் கூறுங்கள்.தவிர்க்க இயலாத காரணத்தால் தெளிவாகப் பதிவிட இயலவில்லை.பிறகு நமது இந்தியாவின் புழக்கத்திற்கேற்ற பேப்பர் அளவுகளை,பயன்களை, சேகரித்துப் பதிவிடுகிறேன்.அது பற்றிய விபரங்கள் தெரிந்தவர்களும் இங்கு கருத்துரையில் தகவல் கொடுத்தால் நல்லது.
A4-இந்த அளவுள்ள பேப்பர்தான் அதிகப்புழக்கதில் உள்ளன.
தாள் அளவு
ஆவணங்களுக்கும், வேறு தேவைகளுக்கும் பயன்படக்கூடிய தாள் அளவுகள், தொடர்பான சீர்தரங்கள்,நாட்டுக்கு நாடும், காலத்துக்குக் காலமும் வேறுபாடாக இருந்து வந்துள்ளன. ஆனால் இன்று, முக்கியமாக இரண்டு வகையான சீர்தரங்களே அனைத்துலக அளவில் பயன்பாட்டில் உள்ளன. ஒன்று, அனைத்துலக சீர்தர நிறுவனங்களின் அளவுகள், மற்றது வட அமெரிக்கா அளவுகள்.
அனைத்துலக சீர்தரம்:
ஐஎஸ்ஓ 216
ஐஎஸ்ஓ A அளவுகள்.
அனைத்துலகத் தாள் அளவு சீர்தரமான, ISO-216 என்பது மீட்டர் அளவை முறையில் அமைந்தது. இந்த முறையானது , ஒரு சதுரமீட்டர் பரப்பளவையும், 1 : 1.4142 என்ற அளவு விகிதத்தையும் கொண்ட தாளை அடிப்படை அளவாகக் கொண்டது. இந்த அடிப்படையான தாள் அளவு A0 எனப்படுகின்றது. இந்த A வரிசைத் தாள் அளவு முறையில் A0 என்பதே மிகப் பெரிய அளவாகும். A0 அளவினை குறுக்காக மடித்தால் A1 அளவாகும். A1 அளவினை குறுக்காக மடித்தால் A2 அளவாகும்.இவ்வாறாக ஒவ்வொன்றையும் குறுக்காக மடித்து,மடித்து குறைந்து செல்லும் அளவுகளுக்கு A1, A2, A3, A4, ..... எனப் பெயரிடப்பட்டுள்ளன. இவற்றில் அதிகமாக, மிகப் பரவலாகப் பயன்படும் தாள் அளவு A4 (210 x 297 மிமீ) ஆகும்.
ISO தாள் அளவுகள் 1 : 2 இன் வர்க்கமூலம் ( Ratio = 1 : 1.4142 ) என்னும் விகிதத்தை அடிப்படையாகக் கொண்டவை. 1768-ஆம் ஆண்டில் ஜெர்மானிய நாட்டு அறிவியல் அறிஞர் இந்த விகிதத்தின் நன்மைகள் குறித்து, 1768 ஆம் ஆண்டிலேயே, Georg Lichtenberg என்பவர் குறிப்பிட்டிருந்தார்.இருபதாம் ஆரம்பத்தில் Doctor,Walter Porstmann என்பவர் Georg Lichtenberg –ன் குறிப்புகளை பல்வேறு தாள் அளவுகளாக உருவாக்கினார்.
இச் சீர்தர அளவுகள் மிக விரைவாக மற்ற நாடுகளுக்கும் பரவியது..
1977 ஆம் ஆண்டளவில், 148 நாடுகளில் 88 நாடுகளில் A4 அளவே கடிதங்களுக்குப் பயன்பட்டது. இன்று அமெரிக்கா, கனடா இரு நாடுகள் மட்டும் இந்த முறையைப்பயன்படுத்தவில்லை
ஐஎஸ்ஓ/டிஐஎன் தாள் அளவுகள்.
மில்லிமீட்டரிலும், அங்குலத்திலும்,
இங்கு காண்க.
|
A SERIES | mm X mm | Inch X Inch | B SERIES | mm X mm | Inch X Inch |
A0 | 841 X 1189 | 33.11 X 46.81 | B0 | 1000 X 1414 | 39.37 X 55.67 |
A1 | 594 X 841 | 23.39 X 33.11 | B1 | 707 X 1000 | 27.83X 39.37 |
A2 | 420 X 594 | 16.54 X 23.39 | B2 | 500 X 707 | 19.68 X 27.83 |
A3 | 297 X 420 | 11.69 X 16.54 | B3 | 353 X 500 | 13.90 X 19.68 |
A4 | 210 X 297 | 8.27 X 11.69 | B4 | 250 X 353 | 9.84 X 13.90 |
A5 | 148 X 210 | 5.83 X 8.27 | B5 | 176 X 250 | 6.93 X 9.84 |
A6 | 105 X 148 | 4.13 X 5.83 | B6 | 125 X 176 | 4.92 X 6.93 |
A7 | 74 X 105 | 2.91 X 4.13 | B7 | 88 X 125 | 3.46 X 4.92 |
A8 | 52 X 74 | 2.05 X 2.91 | B8 | 62 X 88 | 2.44 X 3.46 |
A9 | 37 X 52 | 1.46 X 2.05 | B9 | 44 X 62 | 1.73 X 2.44 |
A10 | 26 X 37 | 1.02 X 1.46 | B10 | 31 X 44 | 1.22 X 1.73 |
|
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C SERIES | mm X mm | Inch X Inch | Japanese B Series | mm X mm | Inch X Inch |
C0 | 917X1297 | 36.10X51.06 | B0 | 1030 x 1456 | 40.55x57.32 |
C1 | 648X917 | 25.53X36.10 | B1 | 728 x 1030 | 28.66x40.55 |
C2 | 458X648 | 18.05X25.53 | B2 | 515x728 | 20.27x28.66 |
C3 | 324X458 | 12.76X18.05 | B3 | 364x515 | 14.33x20.27 |
C4 | 229X324 | 9.02X12.76 | B4 | 257x364 | 10.13x14.33 |
C5 | 162X229 | 6.38X9.02 | B5 | 182x257 | 7.16x10.13 |
C6 | 114X162 | 4.51X6.38 | B6 | 128x182 | 5.06x7.16 |
C7 | 81X114 | 3.19X4.51 | B7 | 91x128 | 3.58x5.06 |
C8 | 57X81 | 2.25X3.19 | B8 | 64x91 | 2.53x3.58 |
C9 | 40X57 | 1.59X2.25 | B9 | 45x64 | 1.79x2.53 |
C10 | 28X40 | 1.12X1.59 | B10 | 32x45 | 1.26x1.79 |
(+) ISO D paper sizes
| Millimeters | Inches | Points |
| Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width |
D0 | 771 | 1090 | 30.35 | 42.91 | 2186 | 3090 |
A0 & A1 | Technical drawings, posters |
A1 & A2 | Flip charts |
A2 & A3 | Drawings, diagrams, large tables |
A4 | Letters, magazines, forms, catalogs, laser printer and copying machine output |
A5 | Note pads |
A6 | Postcards |
B5, A5, B6 A6 | Books |
C4, C5, C6 | Envelopes for A4 letters: unfolded (C4), folded once (C5), folded twice (C6) |
B4 & A3 | Newspapers, supported by most copying machines in addition to A4 |
B8 & A8 | Playing cards |
US Engineering | mm X mm | Inch X Inch | US Architecture | mm X mm | Inch X Inch |
ANSI A | 215.9X279.4 | 8.5X11 | ARCH A | 228.6X304.8 | 9X12 |
ANSI B | 279.4X431.8 | 11X17 | ARCH B | 304.8X457.2 | 12X18 |
ANSI C | 431.8X558.8 | 17X22 | ARCH C | 457.2X509.6 | 18X24 |
ANSI D | 588.8X863,6 | 22X34 | ARCH D | 609.6X914.4 | 24X36 |
ANSI E | 863.6X1117.6 | 34X44 | ARCH E | 914.4X1219.2 | 36X48 |
US Misc. | mm X mm | Inch X Inch | US Misc. | mm X mm | Inch X Inch |
Letter | 215.9X279.4 | 8.5X11 | Folio | 215.9X330.2 | 8.5X13 |
Legal | 215.9X355.6 | 8.5X14 | Quarto | 215X275 | 8.46X10.8 |
US Govt | 203.2X279.4 | 8X11 | Tabloid | 279.4X431.8 | 11X17 |
Statement | 139.7X215.9 | 5.5X8.5 | Ledger | 279.4X431.8 | 11X17 |
Executive | 184.2X266.7 | 7.25X10.5 | Foolscap | 342.9X431.8 | 13.5X17 |
JB SERIES | mm X mm | Inch X Inch | JB SERIES | mm X mm | Inch X Inch |
JB0 | 1030X1456 | 40.55X57.32 | JB6 | 128X182 | 5.06X7.17 |
JB1 | 728X1030 | 28.66X40.55 | JB7 | 91X128 | 3.59X5.06 |
JB2 | 515X728 | 20.27X28.66 | JB8 | 64X91 | 2.53X3.59 |
JB3 | 364X515 | 14.33X20.27 | JB9 | 45X64 | 1.8X2.53 |
JB4 | 257X364 | 10.13X14.33 | JB10 | 32X45 | 1.27X1.8 |
JB5 | 182X257 | 7.17X10.13 |
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RA SERIES | mm X mm | Inch X Inch | SRA SERIES | mm X mm | Inch X Inch |
RA0 | 860X1220 | 33.86X48.03 | SRA0 | 900X1280 | 35.43 X 50.39 |
RA1 | 610X860 | 24.01X33.86 | SRA1 | 640X900 | 25.19X35.43 |
RA2 | 430X610 | 16.93X24.01 | SRA2 | 450X640 | 17.71X25.19 |
RA3 | 305X430 | 12.00X16.93 | SRA3 | 320X450 | 12.59X17.71 |
RA4 | 215X305 | 8.46X12.00 | SRA4 | 225X320 | 8.85X12.59 |
கவனியுங்கள்.
Part of the ISO 216 standard
A4 is part of a set or range of page sizes, called the ISO A or ISO 216 standard. This international standard is based on the German DIN 476 standard from 1922. A4 is actually often referred to as DIN A4. The Japanese have adopted the same range of paper sizes in their JIS P 0138-61 standard.
By folding an A4 in two along its shortest side, you create an A5 document. Two A4 pages next to each other in a spread equals the A3 paper size. This way a range of paper sizes is created from A0 (which has a surface of one square meter) to A10. The height/width ratio remains constant for all sizes: 1:1.41 or the square root of 2. The dimensions always get rounded to the nearest millimeter.
அன்பர்களே,வணக்கம்.
இதற்குக்கீழ் தங்களுக்கு பொறுமை இருந்தால் மட்டுமே மேற்கொண்டு படியுங்கள்.நன்றிங்க!
(1) Paper sizes
This list of the common American and European paper sizes includes the ISO standards, which are used globally. All dimensions are specified in inches, millimeters as well as PostScript points (1/72 inch, always rounded off).
This overview covers:
- ISO page sizes – The ISO A series is the most frequently used page measurement standard. It includes the DIN A4 format. The ISO B sizes are used for poster printing while ISO C is meant for envelopes. The SRA standard defines press sheet sizes and is used in the printing industry.
- American paper size dimensions – such as ‘Letter’, ‘Legal’ and the ANSI series.
- English sheet sizes – with a focus on formats for writing paper and book printing.
(2) ISO A paper sizes
The A-series consists of a logical set of paper sizes that are defined by the ISO 216 standard. The largest size (A0) measures one square meter. The height/width ratio remains constant (1:1.41) for all sizes. This means you get the A1 size by folding an A0 paper in two along its shortest side. Then fold the A1 size in two to get an A2 size paper, and so on… A-sizes are used to define the finished paper size in commercial printing: A4 is for office documents, A5 is for notepads and A6 is for postcards.
(3)ISO B paper sizes
The same logic from the A-sizes also applies for the B-series, except here the starting point was the dimension of one of the sides, which starts at 1 meter. B-sizes are often used for posters.
| Millimeters | Inches | Points |
| Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width |
B0 | 1414 | 1000 | 55.67 | 39.37 | 4008 | 2835 |
B1 | 1000 | 707 | 39.37 | 27.83 | 2835 | 2004 |
B2 | 707 | 500 | 27.83 | 19.69. | 2004 | 1417 |
B3 | 500 | 353 | 19.69 | 13.90 | 1417 | 1001 |
B4 | 353 | 250 | 13.90 | 9.84 | 1001 | 709 |
B5 | 250 | 176 | 9.84 | 6.93 | 709 | 499 |
B6 | 176 | 125 | 6.93 | 4.92 | 499 | 354 |
B7 | 125 | 88 | 4.92 | 3.46 | 354 | 249 |
B8 | 88 | 62 | 3.46 | 2.44 | 249 | 176 |
B9 | 62 | 44 | 2.44 | 1.73 | 176 | 125 |
B10 | 44 | 31 | 1.73 | 1.22 | 125 | 88 |
(4) ISO C paper sizes
C-sizes are used for envelopes to match the A-series paper. I have omitted unrealistic sizes like C0 (imagine an envelope measuring 917 by 1297 millimetres).
| Millimeters | Inches | Points |
| Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width |
C2 | 458 | 648 | 18.03 | 25.51 | 578 | 1837 |
C3 | 324 | 458 | 12.76 | 18.03 | 919 | 578 |
C4 | 229 | 324 | 9.02 | 12.76 | 649 | 919 |
C5 | 162 | 229 | 6.38 | 9.02 | 459 | 649 |
C6 | 114 | 162 | 4.49 | 6.38 | 323 | 459 |
(5)ISO RA & SRA paper sizes
These oversized papersizes are used by printers. The dimensions in millimetres are rounded to the nearest value.
| Millimeters | Inches | Points |
| Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width |
SRA0 | 900 | 1280 | 35.43 | 50.39 | 2551 | 3628 |
SRA1 | 640 | 900 | 25.20 | 35.43 | 1814 | 2551 |
SRA2 | 450 | 640 | 17.72 | 25.20 | 1276 | 1814 |
SRA3 | 320 | 450 | 12.59? | 17.72 | 907? | 1276 |
SRA4 | 225 | 320 | 8.86? | 12.59? | 638? | 907? |
RA0 | 860 | 1220 | 33.86 | 48.03 | 2438 | 3458 |
RA1 | 610 | 860 | 24.02 | 33.86 | 1729 | 2438 |
RA2 | 430 | 610 | 16.93 | 24.02 | 1219 | 1729 |
(6) American paper sizes
The US and Canada do not use the international standards but instead rely on the paper sizes below. The ANSI standard was added in 1995 to create a set of sizes that are based on shared dimensions. It lacks however the consistent aspect ratio of the ISO A-series.
| Millimeters | Inches | Points |
| Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width |
Letter (ANSI A) | 279.4 | 215.9 | 11.00 | 8.50 | 792 | 612 |
Legal | 355.6 | 215.9 | 14.00 | 8.50 | 1008 | 612 |
Ledger (ANSI B) | 431.8 | 279.4 | 17.00 | 11.00 | 1224 | 792 |
Tabloid (ANSI B) | 279.4 | 431.8 | 11.00 | 17.00 | 792 | 1224 |
Executive | 266.7 | 184.1 | 10.55 | 7.25 | 756 | 522 |
ANSI C | 432 | 559 | 17.00 | 22.00 | 1224 | 1584 |
ANSI D | 559 | 864 | 22 | 34 | 1584 | 2448 |
ANSI E | 864 | 1118 | 34.00 | 44.00 | 2448 | 3168 |
(7)English paper sizes (writing papers)
The English nowadays use the A-sizes for office and general use. I have no idea whether many of these definitions are still in use today. Imperial and half-imperial still seem to be widely used by artists.
| Millimeters | Inches | Points |
| Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width |
Foolscap | 419 | 336 | 16.50 | 13.25 | 1188 | 954 |
Small Post | 469 | 368 | 18.50 | 14.50 | 1332 | 1044 |
Sheet and 1/3 cap | 588 | 336 | 22.00 | 13.25 | 1584 | 954 |
Sheet and 1/2 cap | 628 | 336 | 24.75 | 13.25 | 1782 | 954 |
Demy | 507 | 394 | 20.00 | 15.50 | 1440 | 1116 |
Large Post | 533 | 419 | 21.00 | 16.50 | 1512 | 1188 |
Small medium | 558 | 444 | 22.00 | 17.50 | 1584 | 1260 |
Medium | 584 | 457 | 23.00 | 18.00 | 1656 | 1296 |
Small Royal | 609 | 482 | 24.00 | 19.00 | 1728 | 1368 |
Royal | 634 | 507 | 25.00 | 20.00 | 1800 | 1440 |
Imperial | 761 | 559 | 30.00 | 22.00 | 2160 | 1584 |
(8) UK MATRIC BOOK PRINTING SIZES
or books A-sizes often aren’t used because A4 is too large and A5 too small. Metric Royal Octavo and Metric Crown Quarto are 2 frequently used sizes that are more comfortable to hold and read.
| Millimeters | Inches | Points |
| Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width |
Metric Crown Quarto | 246 | 189 | 9 11/16 | 7 7/16 | 697 | 536 |
Metric Crown Octavo | 186 | 123 | 7 5/16 | 4 13/16 | 527 | 349 |
Metric Large Crown Quarto | 258 | 201 | 10 3/16 | 7 7/8 | 731 | 570 |
Metric Large Crown Octavo | 198 | 129 | 7 13/16 | 5 1/16 | 561 | 366 |
Metric Demy Quarto | 276 | 219 | 10 7/8 | 8 5/8 | 782 | 621 |
Metric Demy Octavo | 216 | 138 | 8 1/2 | 5 7/16 | 612 | 391 |
Metric Royal Quarto | 312 | 237 | 12 1/4 | 9 5/16 | 884 | 672 |
Metric Royal Octavo | 198 | 129 | 7 13/16 | 5 1/16 | 561 | 366 |
(9)International standard paper sizes
Standard paper sizes like ISO A4 are widely used all over the world today. This text explains the ISO 216 paper size system and the ideas behind its design.
The ISO paper size concept
In the ISO paper size system, the height-to-width ratio of all pages is the square root of two (1.4142 : 1). In other words, the width and the height of a page relate to each other like the side and the diagonal of a square. This aspect ratio is especially convenient for a paper size. If you put two such pages next to each other, or equivalently cut one parallel to its shorter side into two equal pieces, then the resulting page will have again the same width/height ratio.
The ISO paper sizes are based on the metric system. The square-root-of-two ratio does not permit both the height and width of the pages to be nicely rounded metric lengths. Therefore, the area of the pages has been defined to have round metric values. As paper is usually specified in g/m², this simplifies calculation of the mass of a document if the format and number of pages are known.
ISO 216 defines the A series of paper sizes based on these simple principles:
- The height divided by the width of all formats is the square root of two (1.4142).
- Format A0 has an area of one square meter.
- Format A1 is A0 cut into two equal pieces. In other words, the height of A1 is the width of A0 and the width of A1 is half the height of A0.
- All smaller A series formats are defined in the same way. If you cut format An parallel to its shorter side into two equal pieces of paper, these will have format A(n+1).
- The standardized height and width of the paper formats is a rounded number of millimeters.
For applications where the ISO A series does not provide an adequate format, the B series has been introduced to cover a wider range of paper sizes. The C series of formats has been defined for envelopes.
- The width and height of a Bn format are the geometric mean between those of the An and the next larger A(n−1) format. For instance, B1 is the geometric mean between A1 and A0, that means the same magnification factor that scales A1 to B1 also scales B1 to A0.
- Similarly, the formats of the C series are the geometric mean between the A and B series formats with the same number. For example, an (unfolded) A4 size letter fits nicely into a C4 envelope, which in turn fits as nicely into a B4 envelope. If you fold this letter once to A5 format, then it will fit nicely into a C5 envelope.
- B and C formats naturally are also square-root-of-two formats.
Note: The geometric mean of two numbers x and y is the square root of their product, (xy)1/2, whereas their arithmetic mean is half their sum, (x+y)/2. For example, the geometric mean of the numbers 2 and 8 is 4 (because 4/2 = 8/4), whereas their arithmetic mean is 5 (because 5−2 = 8−5). The arithmetic mean is half-way between two numbers by addition, whereas the geometric mean is half-way between two numbers by multiplication.
By the way: The Japanese JIS P 0138-61 standard defines the same A series as ISO 216, but a slightly different B series of paper sizes, sometimes called the JIS B or JB series. JIS B0 has an area of 1.5 m², such that the area of JIS B pages is the arithmetic mean of the area of the A series pages with the same and the next higher number, and not as in the ISO B series the geometric mean. For example, JB3 is 364 × 515, JB4 is 257 × 364, and JB5 is 182 × 257 mm. Using the JIS B series should be avoided. It introduces additional magnification factors and is not an international standard.
The following table shows the width and height of all ISO A and B paper formats, as well as the ISO C envelope formats. The dimensions are in millimeters:
A Series Formats | B Series Formats | C Series Formats |
4A0 | 1682 × 2378 | – | – | – | – |
2A0 | 1189 × 1682 | – | – | – | – |
A0 | 841 × 1189 | B0 | 1000 × 1414 | C0 | 917 × 1297 |
A1 | 594 × 841 | B1 | 707 × 1000 | C1 | 648 × 917 |
A2 | 420 × 594 | B2 | 500 × 707 | C2 | 458 × 648 |
A3 | 297 × 420 | B3 | 353 × 500 | C3 | 324 × 458 |
A4 | 210 × 297 | B4 | 250 × 353 | C4 | 229 × 324 |
A5 | 148 × 210 | B5 | 176 × 250 | C5 | 162 × 229 |
A6 | 105 × 148 | B6 | 125 × 176 | C6 | 114 × 162 |
A7 | 74 × 105 | B7 | 88 × 125 | C7 | 81 × 114 |
A8 | 52 × 74 | B8 | 62 × 88 | C8 | 57 × 81 |
A9 | 37 × 52 | B9 | 44 × 62 | C9 | 40 × 57 |
A10 | 26 × 37 | B10 | 31 × 44 | C10 | 28 × 40 |
The allowed tolerances are ±1.5 mm for dimensions up to 150 mm, ±2 mm for dimensions above 150 mm up to 600 mm, and ±3 mm for dimensions above 600 mm. Some national equivalents of ISO 216 specify tighter tolerances, for instance DIN 476 requires ±1 mm, ±1.5 mm, and ±2 mm respectively for the same ranges of dimensions.
Application examples
The ISO standard paper size system covers a wide range of formats, but not all of them are widely used in practice. Among all formats, A4 is clearly the most important one for daily office use. Some main applications of the most popular formats can be summarized as:
A0, A1 | technical drawings, posters |
A1, A2 | flip charts |
A2, A3 | drawings, diagrams, large tables |
A4 | letters, magazines, forms, catalogs, laser printer and copying machine output |
A5 | note pads |
A6 | postcards |
B5, A5, B6, A6 | books |
C4, C5, C6 | envelopes for A4 letters: unfolded (C4), folded once (C5), folded twice (C6) |
B4, A3 | newspapers, supported by most copying machines in addition to A4 |
B8, A8 | playing cards |
The main advantage of the ISO standard paper sizes becomes obvious for users of copying machines:
நன்றிங்க!
கொங்குத் தென்றல் ,
ஈரோடு மாவட்டம்.
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